使用工具的鱼类被录像捕捉 [视频]

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黑猩猩使用石头砸开坚果,海豚使用海绵惊吓出隐藏的鱼,新喀里多尼亚乌鸦使用树枝捕食昆虫,某些章鱼——无脊椎动物世界的爱因斯坦——使用椰子壳作为盔甲。事实上,哺乳动物、鸟类和头足类动物使用工具,到目前为止,已经有充分的记录。近年来,科学家们已经观察到鱼类在三个场合表现出类似的聪明行为。现在,加州大学圣克鲁兹分校的贾科莫·伯纳迪捕捉到了另一条鱼的行动——并将这种行为拍摄成了视频(如下)。这显然是第一个记录鱼类使用工具的视频,也是这些动物中已知的第四个行为例子。伯纳迪在帕劳海岸附近的浅水中观察到了这种鱼——一种橙点猪齿鱼(Choerodon anchorago),它是一种隆头鱼。这种动物用胸鳍从沙质海底挖出一只蛤蜊,将猎物含在嘴里带到一段距离外的岩石区域,然后将它撞击岩石,将其作为砧板使用。同一条鱼在20分钟内重复了这项任务三次。伯纳迪在一份声明中说,这种行为“需要大量的超前思考,因为其中涉及许多步骤。对于一条鱼来说,这是一件非常了不起的事情。”伯纳迪在9月20日出版的《珊瑚礁》杂志上描述了他的发现。

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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