规模化生产而非廉价劳动力推动中国太阳能光伏价格优势

麻省理工学院和国家可再生能源实验室在《能源与环境科学》期刊上发布的一项新研究,探讨了推动中国制造太阳能电池板价格(更)低廉的因素。

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麻省理工学院和国家可再生能源实验室在《能源与环境科学》期刊上发布的一项新研究,探讨了推动中国制造太阳能电池板价格(更)低廉的因素。他们的发现是,中国的规模化生产比诸如廉价劳动力投入或较低环境标准等国家特定因素,更能促成其价格优势。

摘自摘要

我们量化了中国历史上光伏价格优势的条件,检验这些条件是否可以在其他地方重现,并评估创新技术在改变区域竞争优势中的作用。我们发现,相对于美国工厂,中国工厂的历史价格优势并非由国家特定优势驱动,而是由规模和供应链发展驱动。展望未来,我们计算得出,技术创新可能导致两个地区有效的最低可持续制造成本相当。在这种长期情景下,组件运输成本的相对份额以及其他因素,可能会促进组件制造业务的区域化,从而经济高效地满足当地市场需求。我们的研究结果突出了创新的作用、规模化生产的重要性以及全球合作的机会,以提高全球光伏的装机容量。


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这些结果支持了这样一种观点,即光伏太阳能价格下降是由于制造工艺的改进和规模经济,正如《经济学人》的这张图表所示

 

David Wogan is an engineer and policy researcher who writes about energy, technology, and policy.

David's academic and professional background includes a unique blend of technology and policy in the field of energy systems. Most recently, David worked at Austin Energy, a Texas municipal utility, implementing a Department of Energy stimulus grant related to energy efficiency. Previously, David was a member of the Energy & Climate Change team at the White House Council on Environmental Quality for the Obama Administration.

David holds two Master's degrees from The University of Texas at Austin in Mechanical Engineering and Public Affairs. While at UT, David was a researcher in the Webber Energy Group, where his research focused on advanced biofuel production to offset petroleum use in the transportation sector. David holds a Bachelor's of Science degree in Mechanical Engineering from The University of Texas at Austin, where he researched nuclear non-proliferation measurement technology.

David is a 2013 Aspen Institute Journalism Scholar, joining a select group of journalists from Slate, ABC News, and The New York Times.

David lives in Austin, Texas. Follow along on Twitter or email him at david.wogan@me.com.

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