解释阿巴拉契亚煤炭困境——两张图表和一张地图

几十年来,更便宜的怀俄明州煤炭一直在取代更昂贵的阿巴拉契亚煤炭。

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美国阿巴拉契亚煤炭产区遭受困境有很多原因。 有些人指出,国内页岩气的兴起正在取代发电厂的煤炭使用,即所谓的“煤改气”。 但“煤改煤”也在给阿巴拉契亚煤炭产区带来冲击。 问题不仅在于发电厂完全放弃使用煤炭,更在于多年来,发电厂运营商一直从怀俄明州的粉河盆地,而不是阿巴拉契亚地区采购煤炭。

这里有两张图表展示了这种长达数十年的转变

通过查看煤炭的等级(怀俄明州的粉河盆地煤炭是“次烟煤”),我们看到了同样的情况


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这种煤炭到煤炭的转变的根源在于东西部煤炭的含硫量。 西部煤炭的含硫量较低,而且随着更严格的硫空气排放规则的出台,燃烧西部煤炭是更便宜的选择。

西部煤炭仍然具有竞争力,因为地质原因:阿巴拉契亚地区大部分“容易开采”的煤炭已经被开采殆尽,剩下的是更难开采、成本更高的煤层。 将所有因素综合起来,这就是您在地图上看到的景象(通过美国能源信息署)。 较暗的区域代表怀俄明州煤炭的成本较低,较亮的区域代表阿巴拉契亚煤炭的成本较低

归根结底,对于许多发电厂来说,采购西部煤炭比阿巴拉契亚煤炭更便宜。

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David Wogan is an engineer and policy researcher who writes about energy, technology, and policy.

David's academic and professional background includes a unique blend of technology and policy in the field of energy systems. Most recently, David worked at Austin Energy, a Texas municipal utility, implementing a Department of Energy stimulus grant related to energy efficiency. Previously, David was a member of the Energy & Climate Change team at the White House Council on Environmental Quality for the Obama Administration.

David holds two Master's degrees from The University of Texas at Austin in Mechanical Engineering and Public Affairs. While at UT, David was a researcher in the Webber Energy Group, where his research focused on advanced biofuel production to offset petroleum use in the transportation sector. David holds a Bachelor's of Science degree in Mechanical Engineering from The University of Texas at Austin, where he researched nuclear non-proliferation measurement technology.

David is a 2013 Aspen Institute Journalism Scholar, joining a select group of journalists from Slate, ABC News, and The New York Times.

David lives in Austin, Texas. Follow along on Twitter or email him at david.wogan@me.com.

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