纳帕、冰岛和... 俄亥俄州的地震?

今天到处都是照片,展示了纳帕谷(加州著名的葡萄酒产区)的地面上破碎的葡萄酒瓶,在某些情况下还有葡萄酒桶——它们在周日早些时候发生的 6.0 级地震中被震落在地。

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今天到处都是照片,展示了纳帕谷(加州著名的葡萄酒产区)的地面上破碎的葡萄酒瓶,在某些情况下还有葡萄酒桶——它们在周日早些时候发生的 6.0 级地震中被震落在地。

新闻媒体也在定期发布来自冰岛的报道,过去一周,在 巴达本加火山 周围地区发生了数千次小地震。地质学家表示,震动是由地下岩浆移动引起的,他们正在使用地震发生的位置来追踪岩浆的运动。

当然,加州中部靠近我们已知的重大地质断层,大量移动的岩浆会震动上方地表是有道理的。但越来越多的证据表明,人类活动也在引发地震。 2011 年西班牙发生的 5.1 级地震夷平了一个城镇,造成 9 人死亡,这与农业有关。几十年来,许多农民为了灌溉从地下抽取了大量的水,导致地下水位下降了多达 250 米,科学家们认为,水压的变化导致断层移动,从而引发了地震。


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将大量来自水力压裂作业的废水泵回地下已被认为是俄亥俄州地震的原因。石油钻探已被认为与加利福尼亚州、俄克拉荷马州和伊利诺伊州的地震有关。中国新建水坝后积水也被认为是当地地震的原因。

更多关于人类如何震动地球的信息请见下方《大众科学》即时智库视频。

Mark Fischetti has been a senior editor at 大众科学 for 17 years and has covered sustainability issues, including climate, weather, environment, energy, food, water, biodiversity, population, and more. He assigns and edits feature articles, commentaries and news by journalists and scientists and also writes in those formats. He edits History, the magazine's department looking at science advances throughout time. He was founding managing editor of two spinoff magazines: 大众科学 Mind and 大众科学 Earth 3.0. His 2001 freelance article for the magazine, "Drowning New Orleans," predicted the widespread disaster that a storm like Hurricane Katrina would impose on the city. His video What Happens to Your Body after You Die?, has more than 12 million views on YouTube. Fischetti has written freelance articles for the New York Times, Sports Illustrated, Smithsonian, Technology Review, Fast Company, and many others. He co-authored the book Weaving the Web with Tim Berners-Lee, inventor of the World Wide Web, which tells the real story of how the Web was created. He also co-authored The New Killer Diseases with microbiologist Elinor Levy. Fischetti is a former managing editor of IEEE Spectrum Magazine and of Family Business Magazine. He has a physics degree and has twice served as the Attaway Fellow in Civic Culture at Centenary College of Louisiana, which awarded him an honorary doctorate. In 2021 he received the American Geophysical Union's Robert C. Cowen Award for Sustained Achievement in Science Journalism, which celebrates a career of outstanding reporting on the Earth and space sciences. He has appeared on NBC's Meet the Press, CNN, the History Channel, NPR News and many news radio stations. Follow Fischetti on X (formerly Twitter) @markfischetti

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