基因会影响我们的行为吗? [视频]

研究敏锐的嗅觉可能会提供一些答案

科丽·巴格曼。

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本文发表在《大众科学》的前博客网络中,反映了作者的观点,不一定代表《大众科学》的观点


我们饿的时候会做什么?当人们聚集在我们周围时,我们会有什么反应?当我们想独处时,我们会去哪里?人类有如此多的复杂行为,但研究人员认为,其中许多行为直接来源于动物的行为和反应方式。通过研究基因如何指导生物功能,以及这些功能如何导致行动,可以揭示这是否属实。

洛克菲勒大学的神经生物学家科丽·巴格曼正在这条道路上努力探索。她试图通过研究基因如何影响大脑,以及这如何影响动物的行为来确定动物行为的根源,从蠕虫到人类。在众多实验中,她正在研究线虫C. elegans,这是一种神经科学家中很受欢迎的物种。它的基因组中约有 20,000 个基因,而人类则有约 25,000 个基因,但据巴格曼称,它的脑中只有 302 个神经元,而我们的脑中则有 860 亿个。这意味着研究人员可以测试特定神经元和特定行为之间的联系。巴格曼专注于嗅觉,以及动物发出和闻到的称为信息素的化学物质如何影响交配行为和动物在群体中的行为。


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巴格曼在一段引人入胜的视频“行为的根源”中,用简单明了的语言解释了她令人着迷的工作,该视频由纽约大学神经科学家约瑟夫·勒杜创作,他是情绪大脑方面的专家。这段视频是他在与导演亚历克西斯·甘比斯一起制作的名为“我的心灵之眼”系列中的第五部。(第一集介绍了内德·布洛克关于身心问题,第二部视频是关于迈克尔·加扎尼加的自由意志,第三部是关于诺贝尔奖获得者埃里克·坎德尔关于大脑中的神经元如何学习和创造记忆,以及第四部是关于利兹·菲尔普斯关于为什么我们的记忆会随着时间而改变。)勒杜和甘比斯让《大众科学》有机会在我们的网站上首先发布这些视频。

为了增加趣味性,巴格曼的采访还附带了勒杜和他的乐队杏仁核乐队录制的一首相关歌曲“根源”的片段。请欣赏。

Mark Fischetti has been a senior editor at 大众科学 for 17 years and has covered sustainability issues, including climate, weather, environment, energy, food, water, biodiversity, population, and more. He assigns and edits feature articles, commentaries and news by journalists and scientists and also writes in those formats. He edits History, the magazine's department looking at science advances throughout time. He was founding managing editor of two spinoff magazines: 大众科学 Mind and 大众科学 Earth 3.0. His 2001 freelance article for the magazine, "Drowning New Orleans," predicted the widespread disaster that a storm like Hurricane Katrina would impose on the city. His video What Happens to Your Body after You Die?, has more than 12 million views on YouTube. Fischetti has written freelance articles for the New York Times, Sports Illustrated, Smithsonian, Technology Review, Fast Company, and many others. He co-authored the book Weaving the Web with Tim Berners-Lee, inventor of the World Wide Web, which tells the real story of how the Web was created. He also co-authored The New Killer Diseases with microbiologist Elinor Levy. Fischetti is a former managing editor of IEEE Spectrum Magazine and of Family Business Magazine. He has a physics degree and has twice served as the Attaway Fellow in Civic Culture at Centenary College of Louisiana, which awarded him an honorary doctorate. In 2021 he received the American Geophysical Union's Robert C. Cowen Award for Sustained Achievement in Science Journalism, which celebrates a career of outstanding reporting on the Earth and space sciences. He has appeared on NBC's Meet the Press, CNN, the History Channel, NPR News and many news radio stations. Follow Fischetti on X (formerly Twitter) @markfischetti

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