观看地球磁层

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图片来源:NASA 和 IMAGE 科学团队

研究人员表示,NASA 的 IMAGE 航天器捕捉到了我们星球磁场前所未有的景象,揭示了以前看不见的复杂之处。今天发表在《科学》杂志上的研究结果基于这些地球磁层的新图像,地球磁层控制着附近太空中的带电粒子,并保护地球免受太阳风的侵袭。

特别令人感兴趣的是在磁层内部一个称为等离子体层的环形区域中观察到的几个特征。重要的是,图像显示了一个大约 30 年前预测但至今才得到证实的尾状结构。科学家们认为,尾部(右图)代表了等离子体的回流,当太阳风冲击磁层,将其扭曲成雨滴状时,就会产生这种回流。但新的景象也揭示了意想不到的细节,包括云层中缺乏等离子体的区域,称为槽,以及一个被称为“肩部”的特征。这些槽和肩部究竟是如何形成的,还有待观察。


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亚利桑那大学的团队成员比尔·桑德尔 (Bill Sandel) 评论说:“30 年来,人们一直在通过卫星上的原位测量来研究磁层区域。 “但他们只能瞥见该区域,在这里和那里进行采样。 为了真正了解地球磁层的结构和动力学,您需要一次曝光就包含整个区域的图像。 这就是我们从 IMAGE 中获得的,这也是它独特的原因。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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