猩猩的困境

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图片来源:PERRY VAN DUYNHOVEN

根据一项新的研究,如果目前的伐木和偷猎行为继续下去,亚洲行踪隐秘的猿类——猩猩——可能在未来10年内灭绝。杜克大学的卡雷尔·范·沙伊克和他的同事在最新一期的《羚羊》杂志上报告称,他们记录了最大的猩猩种群(栖息在苏门答腊岛北部勒user生态系统)数量的急剧下降。事实上,这个种群在1993年数量为12,000只,但在七年内锐减至大约一半的规模。

尽管勒user生态系统包括一个大型保护区,但非法伐木现象十分猖獗。许多被砍伐的树木包括猩猩赖以生存和迁徙的果树和树冠树。因此,在那些被伐木破坏的地区,猩猩种群密度骤降了高达90%。


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作者报告称,可悲的是,在婆罗洲(害羞的猿类被发现的唯一另一个岛屿)的情况也好不到哪里去。1997年和1998年席卷该岛的森林大火夺走了高达三分之一猩猩的生命。从那时起,幸存的生物也遭受了与其苏门答腊同类相同的栖息地破坏。

范·沙伊克说:“对野生猩猩的研究为我们提供了一个独特的窗口,让我们了解那些有利于人类文化起源的条件。失去野生猩猩将永远关闭这扇窗户。如果我们现在采取行动,我们仍然可以拯救种群免于灭绝,但我们不能浪费任何时间。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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