研究将迷信恐惧与致命心脏病发作联系起来

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一项研究阐明了思想对身体的负面影响,它提供了迄今为止最有力的证据,表明心理压力会增加心脏性猝死的风险。 一份描述这种所谓的“巴斯克维尔效应”——以阿瑟·柯南·道尔爵士的《巴斯克维尔的猎犬》中一个角色因压力引发的心脏病发作而死亡的命运命名——的报告发表在最新一期的《英国医学杂志》上。

为了检验这一假设,加州大学圣地亚哥分校的社会学家大卫·菲利普斯和他的同事们专注于中国和日本的迷信,即认为数字四非常不吉利。 通过分析美国 1973 年至 1998 年期间超过 20 万中国和日本死亡以及约 4700 万白人死亡的死亡证明,该团队发现,中国人和日本人的死亡人数在每个月的第四天达到高峰。 事实上,在美籍华人和美籍日本人中,每月第四天发生的心脏病死亡人数比预期多 13%。 白人的死亡人数没有表现出相同的模式。

菲利普斯断言:“我们的发现与心身过程的存在、科学文献以及一个著名的非科学故事相符。“‘巴斯克维尔效应’似乎既存在于事实中,也存在于虚构中,这表明柯南·道尔不仅是一位伟大的作家,而且还是一位非常直觉的医生。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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