改良土豆展现食用疫苗的希望

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如果新的研究具有任何指示意义,那么只需一份转基因土豆就可能有一天能够预防两种致命的胃病。根据《自然-生物技术》六月号上发表的一份报告,科学家们开发出了携带疫苗的土豆,当喂食给小鼠时,可以使它们免受轮状病毒和肠道致病性大肠杆菌的侵害。

研究人员一直在研究食用疫苗,但这些产品已被证明仅取得适度的成功。一个问题是肠道组织会在疫苗成分到达免疫系统之前将其降解。为了绕过这个障碍,洛马琳达大学的威廉·朗格里奇和杰·于求助于致命的霍乱毒素(CT),这种毒素不会屈服于肠道的消化液。通过将 CT 片段与轮状病毒和大肠杆菌的片段融合,研究人员创造了一种具有弹性的组合疫苗,然后将其掺入土豆中。

该团队报告说,食用了这些土豆的雌性小鼠,即使在接种疫苗两个月后,也表现出强烈的免疫反应。此外,免疫小鼠的幼崽也显示出一定的免疫力。朗格里奇和于总结说,这项研究的结果“表明食用植物可以作为疫苗,同时预防传染性[病毒]和细菌性疾病。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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