银河系核心附近的年轻恒星周围环绕着阴燃的 X 射线气体

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图片来源:NASA

研究人员表示,银河系中年轻恒星密度最高的区域,即拱星团(见插图),被一层炽热的 6 千万度气体云所环绕。拱星团距离地球仅 25,000 光年,是一个被深入研究的区域。但这是天文学家首次看到一个年轻的星团被如此高能量的 X 射线辐射所包围。

天文学家长期以来已经认识到,大型年轻恒星本身会发射 X 射线。但本周早些时候在美国天文学会于加利福尼亚州帕萨迪纳举行的会议上提出的新发现表明,X 射线也可能来自这些恒星风之间的碰撞。此外,这些 X 射线似乎与在星暴星系中观察到的 X 射线能量相当。“拱星团是星暴星系——已知最丰富的恒星摇篮——的最佳‘本地’类似物之一,”哈佛-史密森天体物理中心 (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics) 的 Casey Law 指出。“因此,研究人员可能只需在我们自己的银河系后院四处探索,就能学到更多关于星暴星系的知识。”


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研究结果也可能揭示另一个神秘现象。“我们的数据表明,拱星团内的气体可能会变得非常热,以至于它会从星团中逃逸,”马萨诸塞大学 (University of Massachusetts) 的 Cornelia Lang 评论道。“拱星团和其他类似的星团可能有助于形成长期以来在银河系附近观测到的神秘热气体的储藏库。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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