智能假肢

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来源:由桑迪亚国家实验室提供

每年有数万美国人因车祸、糖尿病和其他原因失去肢体。 然而,尽管假肢自三十年前出现以来已经取得了长足的进步,但今天的假肢(右图)在功能和舒适性方面仍有很大的改进空间。 为了实现这一目标,来自桑迪亚国家实验室、俄罗斯核武器实验室切лябинск-70 和西雅图骨科集团的研究人员正在合作开发“智能”腿——一种假肢设备,它希望借助数字控制系统来解决这些问题。

为了模拟真腿在上坡、下坡或不平坦地形上行走时的动作,科学家们计划在假肢中安装一个微处理器控制模块,该模块将响应来自沿着脚和腿部放置的传感器的信号。 桑迪亚的戴夫·科兹洛夫斯基表示,这“将实现更正常和高效的步态”。 与构成大多数假肢基础并需要截肢者消耗大量能量的所谓被动技术不同,智能腿应该能够实现适当的肢体运动,从而避免耗尽穿戴者的能量。 该团队还旨在创建一个套筒,该套筒将自动调整以适应残肢在一天过程中的肿胀,从而避免因摩擦假肢而可能产生的压疮。 未来的挑战之一将是开发适合截肢者的便携式能源。 但如果一切按计划进行,智能腿应该会在两年内上市。

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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