科学家成功克隆濒危哺乳动物

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尽管利用克隆技术保护濒危物种的想法在保护生物学家中仍然存在争议,但自从1997年克隆出多利羊以来,这一想法就受到了认真考虑。但最近克隆诸如盘羊和印度野牛等濒危哺乳动物的尝试均未产生可存活的后代。现在,一个欧洲研究团队取得了成功。根据《自然生物技术》杂志10月刊的一份报告,用于复制多利的相同技术——体细胞核移植——已经产生了一只看起来健康的摩弗伦羊羔,摩弗伦羊是撒丁岛、科西嘉岛和塞浦路斯发现的一种濒危绵羊。

意大利泰拉莫大学的帕斯夸利诺·洛伊和他的同事从两只死在撒丁岛牧场上的雌性摩弗伦羊的卵巢中提取了所谓的体细胞颗粒细胞,并将它们的细胞核注射到已经去除细胞核的家养绵羊卵细胞中。然后,将由此产生的胚胎以外科手术的方式植入四只家养母羊体内,其中一只在155天后产下了一只克隆的摩弗伦羊宝宝。在研究人员提交报告的25天大时,这只小摩弗伦羊看起来很正常。

该团队写道:“尽管核供体细胞是从死去的动物身上提取的,被认为不具有生存能力,但它们仍然能够产生正常的胚胎和后代。我们的发现支持将克隆技术用于扩大极度濒危的种群,无论是在协调一致的保护计划中,还是在涉及突然死亡的极端情况下。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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