科学家在微小病毒中发现大肠杆菌清除剂

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研究人员发现了一种病毒蛋白,可以作为抗生素对抗大肠杆菌。这项新发现于今日在《科学》杂志上宣布,为设计药物以对抗其他细菌(如引起肺炎、耳部感染、霍乱和莱姆病的细菌)开辟了一种新方法。

德克萨斯州农工大学的托马斯·G·伯恩哈特和他的同事在一个名为 Q Beta 的微小病毒或噬菌体中发现了这种蛋白质。长期以来,科学家们一直想知道 Q Beta 和其他小型噬菌体是如何消除细菌的。新的研究表明,Q Beta 的杀手以与抗生素非常相似的方式完成了这一壮举,即通过阻止细菌细胞制造其外细胞壁。因此,细胞没有分裂和繁殖,而是走向了自我毁灭。

团队成员道格拉斯·K·斯特拉克指出,从理论上讲,制药公司可以模仿蛋白质抗生素,例如 Q Beta 中包含的抗生素。基于这些蛋白质的药物可以被制造成靶向多种细菌或单一病原体。“作为细菌的天然敌人,它们作为杀死细菌的方法的潜力应该早就被彻底探索,但直到现在,随着全球抗生素耐药性危机的出现,噬菌体才终于真正受到关注,”该报告的另一位合著者王英楠评论道。“看起来小型噬菌体是蛋白质抗生素的金矿。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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