近期发现的能量产生型光敏色素在海洋微生物中大量存在

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研究人员今天在《自然》杂志上报告说,最近发现的一种将光转化为能量的色素存在于世界各地海洋的微生物中。去年秋天首次出现迹象表明存在含有这种光敏色素(被称为蛋白视紫红质)的海洋细菌。现在,新的发现表明,蛋白视紫红质的变体在海洋中大量存在,并且不同的变体适应于利用水柱中不同深度的光。

为了评估海洋中活性光敏色素的普遍性,蒙特雷湾水族馆研究所的微生物学家爱德华·F·德龙 (Edward F. DeLong) 和他的同事首先从夏威夷、南极洲和蒙特雷湾收集了海洋微生物。随后的分析揭示了来自每个区域的样品中的光化学活性。但是来自这些微生物的蛋白视紫红质基因并非完全相同。相反,它们因地区而异。在该区域内,该团队发现了几组细菌,“它们的能量产生色素在光谱上被调整为适应浅水或深水光场。”

研究人员指出,微生物中光敏色素的浓度表明,它提供了细胞维持和繁殖所需的大部分能量。此外,考虑到携带蛋白视紫红质的细菌的丰富性,这些微生物可能会显着影响海洋的碳和能量循环。德龙说:“技术的进步使我们能够以新的方式看待海洋微生物世界。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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