北美洲野猫濒临灭绝

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图片来源:USFWS

尽管北美洲的大型猫科动物本身就是凶猛的生物,但在威胁其生存的捕猎和栖息地破坏面前,它们却显得不堪一击。事实上,根据国家野生动物联合会(NWF)的一份新报告,这些曾经广泛分布的猫科动物正处于岌岌可危的境地。此外,作为顶级掠食者,它们的消失会留下失衡且脆弱的生态系统。

佛罗里达豹(右图)是北美洲大陆最濒危的猫科动物。它曾经在东部林地大量漫游,但今天只有 60 只成年个体幸存,并且被限制在佛罗里达州最南部地区。其他正在消失的猫科动物包括虎猫、美洲狮、美洲虎和加拿大猞猁。结果,曾经受到猫科动物控制的鹿和其他动物的数量激增,导致了从植被减少到交通事故等一系列问题。


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“人类迅速地在北美洲大陆的许多地区定居和发展,破坏自然区域以修建道路和城市,将荒地转变为农业和牧场,并退化栖息地以开采自然资源,”NWF 主席马克·范普滕在报告中写道。“恐惧和不宽容,这些情绪曾助长了历史上的掠食者灭绝计划,现在仍然使保护北美洲野猫和寻找兼顾野生动物和人类需求的解决方案的努力变得复杂。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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