英国“疯牛病”绵羊可能增加人类死亡人数

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最近一项旨在确定英国羊群是否携带牛海绵状脑病(BSE),即疯牛病的尝试,最终以一场只能被形容为极其尴尬的失败告终。研究的组织样本结果来自牛,而非羊。因此,绵羊是否携带BSE(在人类中以变异型克雅氏病 (vCJD) 的形式出现)仍然未知。然而,如果它们确实携带BSE,并且能够将病原体传播给人类,那么公共健康风险可能会远远超过仅由受感染牛只造成的风险,这是根据《自然》杂志今天在线发表的一篇报告得出的结论。

为了评估羊群疫情的潜在影响,伦敦帝国学院的尼尔·M·弗格森及其同事考虑了三种可能的情景。在最佳情况下,BSE不会在羊群内部或羊群之间传播,因此对vCJD疫情的影响微乎其微。但在最坏的情况下,BSE会在羊群内部和羊群之间疯狂传播,并将vCJD死亡人数从仅由受感染牛只造成的最多5万至10万人增加到总共多达15万人。


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好消息是,对绵羊产品施加目前对牛施加的相同限制,可以将感染BSE的绵羊带来的风险降低高达90%。尽管如此,作者指出,他们的研究结果强调了进一步调查的必要性。弗格森评论说:“我们的估计最终取决于其他研究人员收集的信息的质量和数量,我们认为对全国羊群进行大规模检测以及额外的实验研究是当务之急。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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