正常体重儿童的智商和出生体重也存在关联

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近年来,许多研究表明,低出生体重婴儿在学龄时期的智商测试得分较低。现在,《英国医学杂志》最新一期发表的研究结果表明,出生时的大小与智商之间的联系也存在于正常出生体重的儿童中。根据这项研究,体重较重的婴儿在儿童智力测试中得分更高。

纽约医学院的托马斯·马特和他的同事调查了3000多名儿童(其中大多数出生体重正常)出生体重与七岁时测得的智力之间的关系。即使考虑了母亲年龄、种族、教育程度、社会经济地位和出生顺序等因素,该团队也发现两者之间存在直接关联。

这种关系在男孩中尤为明显。例如,出生体重每增加一公斤,男孩的智商得分就会增加4.6分,而女孩的出生体重每增加一公斤,智商得分仅增加2.8分。


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作者写道:“持续投入大量精力来理解低出生体重的原因、其神经发育后果以及连接两者的机制。”“来自这项研究和其他研究的证据表明,这些努力应该扩大范围,以检查对出生体重正常者胎儿生长的影响以及这种变异的神经发育后果。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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