冰河时代南美洲是湿润的,而非干燥的

加入我们的科学爱好者社区!


关于支持科学新闻

如果您喜欢这篇文章,请考虑通过以下方式支持我们屡获殊荣的新闻报道 订阅。通过购买订阅,您正在帮助确保未来能够继续报道关于塑造我们当今世界的发现和想法的具有影响力的故事。


从南美洲最大的淡水湖的的喀喀湖采集的沉积物岩芯样本揭示了长达 25,000 年的降水记录,这可能会改写关于古代气候的书籍。根据周五在《科学》杂志上报道的结果,长期以来被认为在上一个冰河时代干旱的南美洲热带地区实际上可能是湿润的。

杜克大学地质学家保罗·贝克和他的同事在的的喀喀湖的玻利维亚部分(它横跨玻利维亚和秘鲁)工作,从湖底提取了长达 46 英尺的岩芯。随后对岩芯的氧同位素比率、磁值、碳酸钙浓度和化石硅藻(微小的、硅质外壳藻类)的分析表明,该湖泊的环境在上一个冰河时代和北大西洋地区的后期寒冷时期都是湿润的。另一方面,在北大西洋的温暖时期,的的喀喀湖地区经历了干旱。来自其他古气候研究的数据表明,地球轴倾角的周期性变化和海水温度驱动了南美洲热带地区的这些湿润条件。

研究人员承认,将的的喀喀湖地区的水分水平与东部丛林的气候条件等同起来是“冒险之举”,但贝克指出,大多数证据都支持这种联系。然而,他警告说,过去的气候条件不应用于预测未来。“人类的影响现在是如此 dominant,”贝克断言,“热带地区将要发生的事情与海面温度和地球轨道参数的关系要小得多,而与森林砍伐、大气二氧化碳增加和全球变暖的关系要大得多。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

More by Kate Wong
© . All rights reserved.