飓风帕特里夏迅速成为西半球有史以来最强风暴

最高风速远超飓风卡特里娜或桑迪

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在过去的24小时内,飓风帕特里夏逼近墨西哥西海岸,迅速增强成为西半球有记录以来最强的风暴。 截至今天早上,空军飞机的数据显示,峰值风速(持续一分钟)为每小时200英里,表面压力降至最低点 880 毫巴(海平面典型压力为 1013 毫巴)。 这些数字使帕特里夏超过了之前的记录保持者:2005年的飓风威尔玛和 1988年的飓风吉尔伯特。

国家飓风中心周五上午表示,帕特里夏登陆墨西哥海岸时风速可能升至每小时 205 英里,这将是全球有史以来最高的登陆读数。 2013年“超级台风”海燕袭击菲律宾时,风速为每小时 195 英里。

相比之下,卡特里娜飓风在墨西哥湾达到顶峰并淹没新奥尔良之前的最低压力读数(衡量强度的真正指标)为 902 毫巴。 袭击纽约市和新泽西州的桑迪飓风的最低点为 940 毫巴。 重要的是要注意,极端读数通常发生在风暴仍在海上时,并且在登陆前经常减弱——尽管帕特里夏的情况可能并非如此。 卡特里娜飓风横扫墨西哥湾沿岸时的最高风速为每小时 125 英里,而桑迪飓风登陆纽约市时风速峰值为每小时 94 英里。


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接下来,是西半球最强和最臭名昭著的飓风的数据

帕特里夏 (2015):最高风速 200 英里/小时;最低气压 880 毫巴。 威胁墨西哥西海岸。

威尔玛 (2005):最高风速 185 英里/小时;最低气压 882 毫巴。 袭击尤卡坦半岛和佛罗里达州。

吉尔伯特 (1988):最高风速 185 英里/小时;最低气压 888 毫巴。 袭击加勒比海地区、尤卡坦半岛、得克萨斯州。

卡特里娜 (2005):最高风速 175 英里/小时;最低气压 902 毫巴。 袭击墨西哥湾沿岸地区。

桑迪 (2012):最高风速 115 英里/小时;最低气压 940 毫巴。 袭击美国东海岸。

有关飓风的更多信息,请参阅我们的深度报道

Mark Fischetti has been a senior editor at 大众科学 for 17 years and has covered sustainability issues, including climate, weather, environment, energy, food, water, biodiversity, population, and more. He assigns and edits feature articles, commentaries and news by journalists and scientists and also writes in those formats. He edits History, the magazine's department looking at science advances throughout time. He was founding managing editor of two spinoff magazines: 大众科学 Mind and 大众科学 Earth 3.0. His 2001 freelance article for the magazine, "Drowning New Orleans," predicted the widespread disaster that a storm like Hurricane Katrina would impose on the city. His video What Happens to Your Body after You Die?, has more than 12 million views on YouTube. Fischetti has written freelance articles for the New York Times, Sports Illustrated, Smithsonian, Technology Review, Fast Company, and many others. He co-authored the book Weaving the Web with Tim Berners-Lee, inventor of the World Wide Web, which tells the real story of how the Web was created. He also co-authored The New Killer Diseases with microbiologist Elinor Levy. Fischetti is a former managing editor of IEEE Spectrum Magazine and of Family Business Magazine. He has a physics degree and has twice served as the Attaway Fellow in Civic Culture at Centenary College of Louisiana, which awarded him an honorary doctorate. In 2021 he received the American Geophysical Union's Robert C. Cowen Award for Sustained Achievement in Science Journalism, which celebrates a career of outstanding reporting on the Earth and space sciences. He has appeared on NBC's Meet the Press, CNN, the History Channel, NPR News and many news radio stations. Follow Fischetti on X (formerly Twitter) @markfischetti

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