熊如何小睡

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对于大多数人来说,保持身材意味着定期锻炼。 从健身房度假,你辛苦练出的六块腹肌就会变软。 但想象一下,如果你可以睡五个月,醒来后仍然身体健康。 根据昨天在《自然》杂志上描述的研究,事实上,这正是熊从冬眠中醒来的方式。

怀俄明大学的亨利·J·哈洛和他的同事发现,冬眠的黑熊在为期 130 天的冬眠期间,力量损失不到 23%。 相比之下,如果人类长期处于静止状态,则会经历 90% 的力量损失。 令人难以置信的是,当研究小组在冬初和冬末对洞穴中的熊进行肌肉活检时,他们发现骨骼肌细胞的大小或数量都没有减少,蛋白质含量或氧化能力也没有丧失。

研究人员认为,熊可能是通过利用身体其他部位的蛋白质储备和发抖来维持肌肉的。 该团队写道:“了解冬眠熊的这些过程,可能会为治疗肌肉疾病以及长期卧床不起、失重和长途太空旅行对人类的影响提供新的见解。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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