转基因脊髓灰质炎病毒在小鼠体内对抗脑肿瘤

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研究人员表示,一种改良版的脊髓灰质炎病毒在治疗脑肿瘤方面显示出巨大的希望。根据今天在佛罗里达州奥兰多举行的美国微生物学会会议上公布的发现,一种携带普通感冒病毒片段的脊髓灰质炎病毒消除了小鼠大脑中的肿瘤。

杜克大学的马蒂亚斯·格罗迈尔和他的同事在发现脊髓灰质炎病毒结合的分子 CD155 在恶性神经胶质瘤(最常见的脑肿瘤类型)中表达后,开始研究这种新疗法。他们推断 CD155 会自然地靶向肿瘤。但由于脊髓灰质炎病毒可能导致人类疾病,该团队首先通过将鼻病毒 DNA 片段插入脊髓灰质炎病毒中对其进行了改造。“混合的脊髓灰质炎/鼻病毒构建体具有非常令人惊讶的特性,”格罗迈尔报告说。“它失去了在人类中引起脊髓灰质炎的能力,但保留了对恶性神经胶质瘤细胞的极好杀伤潜力。”

然后,该团队对携带植入性脑肿瘤的小鼠施用单剂量治疗。几天之内,小鼠完全康复,对其大脑的病理分析显示肿瘤已被消除。这种疗法是否对人类有效还有待观察。但迹象可能很快就会出现:研究人员指出,重组病毒的原型目前正在为无法治愈的脑肿瘤患者的临床试验做准备。

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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