滴眼液优于眼罩治疗弱视

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研究人员表示,用无痛的滴眼液治疗弱视可能比传统的眼罩方法更可取。弱视是儿童最常见的视力障碍原因,估计在美国影响高达 3% 的儿童。遮住正常眼睛会迫使弱视眼更加努力地聚焦。但儿童通常会抗拒眼罩,这会刺激皮肤并引起同龄人的嘲笑。《眼科文献》三月刊发表的新发现表明,每天使用一次含有阿托品的滴眼液是一种有吸引力的替代方案。

约翰霍普金斯大学的迈克尔·X·雷普卡及其同事研究了 419 名 6 岁及以下的被诊断为中度弱视的儿童。大约一半的人接受了滴眼液(暂时模糊健康眼睛的视力),而另一半的人被要求每天佩戴眼罩一定的时间。研究人员在研究开始时以及治疗的第 5、16 和 26 周测量了每个孩子的视力。两组的改善情况相似,约有四分之三的患者的弱视眼视力有所改善。然而,接受滴眼液治疗的儿童的父母对治疗的满意度更高。“使用阿托品,您只需早上滴一次,一天中无需再监测孩子,”雷普卡指出。“使用眼罩,孩子们必须持续监测,因为他们经常会取下眼罩。”

“尽管阿托品有优势,”雷普卡补充说,“我们的数据显示,眼科医生通常 97% 的时间都开眼罩。”尽管到目前为止使用这两种治疗方法获得的结果看起来相似,但该团队确实计划追踪研究参与者到 2003 年 4 月,以评估眼罩与滴眼液的长期影响。

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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