囊性纤维化研究指出潜在疗法

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研究人员发现了囊性纤维化 (CF) 潜在的遗传缺陷导致肺部致命性细菌定植的机制。 今天发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》早期在线版上的新发现表明,可以开发一种旨在平衡肺细胞 pH 值的气雾剂疗法,以阻止或延缓此类感染。

囊性纤维化是高加索人最常见的遗传性致命疾病,源于编码所谓囊性纤维化跨膜电导调节器 (CFTR) 蛋白的基因突变。 尽管科学家们对此已了解一段时间,但功能失调的蛋白质与表征该疾病的慢性呼吸道感染究竟有何关系仍然是一个谜。 新墨西哥大学的 Jens Poschet 及其同事发现了该缺陷导致肺细胞中酸过量产生。 该团队确定,这会阻止细胞将关键的糖分子附着到点缀在其表面的某些蛋白质上。 反过来,这些糖的缺失使细菌(如铜绿假单胞菌)更容易附着在细胞上,这是感染的前兆。

重要的是,当研究人员在体外将此类细胞的酸度恢复正常时,细菌不再能够粘附到它们。“这对我们来说是一个令人兴奋的发现,因为至少在试管中,我们可以通过简单的操作来纠正这种缺陷,”新墨西哥大学的团队成员 Vojo Deretic 评论道。 他补充说:“我们已经有用于治疗胃灼热的离子泵抑制剂和抗酸剂。 如果我们可以设计类似的化合物进入肺部,我们可能会找到一个简单的解决方案来大大改善囊性纤维化患者的健康状况。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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