运动对抗抑郁症

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研究人员表示,规律的锻炼可能与处方药一样有效地对抗抑郁症。根据发表在九月/十月刊《身心医学》杂志上的一份报告,坚持适度锻炼计划的患者与服用抗抑郁药左洛复的患者效果一样好。

大约150名志愿者,他们都至少50岁且被诊断患有抑郁症,他们参与了以下三种治疗方案之一:运动、左洛复或两者结合。运动组的参与者在跑步机或固定自行车上以最大心率的 70% 至 85% 进行锻炼,每周三次,每次 30 分钟。接受联合治疗的参与者遵循相同的锻炼方案。在为期四个月的研究期结束时,所有三组的抑郁率都显著降低。此外,六个月后的随访检查显示,运动组的受试者比服用左洛复或联合治疗的受试者复发率显著降低。

联合治疗组的人为何没有获得与仅运动组相同长期益处的原因尚不清楚。但杜克大学的主要作者詹姆斯·A·布卢门撒尔推测,“同时使用药物可能会通过优先考虑另一种不那么自我肯定的归因来削弱运动的心理益处,从而改善病情。” 也就是说,联合治疗组的患者可能将他们心理状态的改善归因于药物,而不是感觉他们的辛勤工作得到了回报。


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尽管这些结果令人印象深刻,但研究人员告诫说,运动可能无法为每个患有抑郁症的人带来缓解,因为布卢门撒尔说,“临床医生开出的运动可能不会像研究参与者那样,在人们自己寻求和采纳时那样被接受和遵守。” “这项研究的令人印象深刻的结果是否适用于患有重度抑郁症的中老年患者的普通人群,仍然是一个问题。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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