寒冷的“她-雄性”蛇欺骗其他雄性为它们取暖

加入我们的科学爱好者社区!


关于支持科学新闻报道

如果您喜欢这篇文章,请考虑通过以下方式支持我们屡获殊荣的新闻报道: 订阅。通过购买订阅,您将帮助确保未来能够持续发布关于塑造我们当今世界的发现和想法的具有影响力的故事。


在蛇类中,性别吸引力是有益处的——即使它并不导致交配。今天在《自然》杂志上报道的研究结果表明,雄性束带蛇从冬眠中醒来后会模仿雌性,仅仅是为了让其他雄性为它们取暖并将其隐藏起来,免受捕食者的侵害。

先前对各种动物物种中雌性模仿现象的解释认为,这是一种替代的交配策略,模仿者可能会窃取交配机会或避免来自更强壮的竞争雄性的攻击。但是,当悉尼大学的澳大利亚生物学家理查德·夏因 (Richard Shine) 及其同事检查束带蛇的这种现象时,他们发现这种“她-雄性”行为并没有交配优势。研究人员注意到,这些生物的“她-雄性”现象仅在它们从长达八个月的冬眠中醒来的头一两天内发生——在此期间,蛇类又冷又虚弱——研究人员提出了对雌性模仿的另一种解释。他们认为,这种策略的演变可能是为了取暖并躲避乌鸦等捕食者。

实地观察表明,当一条迷人的“她-雄性”蛇从冬眠巢穴中出来时,雄性追求者几乎立即在其周围形成所谓的“交配球”。也许不足为奇的是,这团充满爱意的雄性群体为它们爱慕的对象提供了大量的温暖和保护。此外,随后的实验室实验表明,这种温暖确实加速了脆弱的蛇从冬眠中恢复:保持温暖的“她-雄性”蛇在三小时内恢复了完全的雄性状态,而保持凉爽的蛇则保持“她-雄性”状态超过五个小时。因此,作者写道:“尽管直觉会倾向于认为雌性模仿是在替代交配策略的背景下演变而来的,但也应该研究更简单的解释。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

More by Kate Wong
© . All rights reserved.