植物砷海绵

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科学家们可能拥有了一种强大的新工具,用于清除土壤中致命的砷——这种工具并非来自实验室,而是来自广阔的户外。根据今天发表在《自然》杂志上的一份报告,蜈蚣草(学名:Pteris vittata)能够以惊人的效率从受污染的土壤中吸收砷。因此,它可能在清理受工业、采矿和农业活动污染的场地方面非常有用。

佛罗里达大学的微量金属化学专家 Lena Ma 和她的同事在中佛罗里达州一个受砷污染的地点发现了蜈蚣草。在对该地点的 14 个物种进行分析后,只有蜈蚣草表现出大量致癌重金属。事实上,蕨叶中的砷浓度比周围土壤中的砷浓度高出 200 倍。

尽管砷常用于杀死草坪和高尔夫球场上的杂草和其他不需要的植物,但蜈蚣草在毒素存在的情况下实际上可能表现更好:Ma 的团队发现,与在 6 ppm 土壤砷中生长的对照植物相比,将土壤砷含量提高 100 百万分之几 (ppm) 可使生物量增加 40%。蜈蚣草究竟为何吸收砷尚不清楚,但 Ma 和她的同事希望通过未来的研究来弄清原因。

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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