古代城市墓穴

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图片来源:格伦·施瓦茨 (Glenn Schwartz)

在叙利亚工作的考古学家们发现了一座保存完好的墓穴,它来自已知最古老的城市文明之一。这座墓穴于今年夏天在据信是古代叙利亚城市图巴遗址的地方被挖掘出来,这座拥有4300年历史的墓穴有望揭示这些早期城市居民鲜为人知的文化。

来自约翰·霍普金斯大学的研究团队发现了这座墓穴,墓穴内有三层骸骨和大量陪葬品。最顶层有两具棺木的痕迹,每具棺木中分别有一名年轻女子和一个婴儿。在第二层,他们发现了两名成年男子的棺木和一名婴儿的遗骸;第三层则有一名成年男子。随葬的珍宝表明这可能是一座皇家墓葬——考虑到女性是这群人中装饰最奢华的,佩戴着黄金、白银和青金石珠宝,也许是王后或公主的墓穴。然而,这些方面的确切意义仍不清楚。


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当研究团队返回进行进一步挖掘时,新的见解将会出现。他们已经确定,这座墓穴是一个更大的建筑群的一部分——也许是一座宫殿或一片古代墓地。团队负责人格伦·施瓦茨评论说:“通过研究叙利亚,我们可以更多地了解城市社会发展的不同方式,了解它们为何在何时以及如何发展,以及它们彼此之间的差异。这对我们理解城市、文字、国家和社会阶级最初为何发展具有重要的补充意义。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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