古代中国工具记录东北亚最早人类活动

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也许他们是为了寻找食物而出走,或者仅仅是出于漫游的渴望。但在某个时候,早期人类离开了他们的非洲家园,开始殖民世界其他地区。科学家们才刚刚开始形成对这些早期迁徙时间的理解。《自然》杂志今天报道的发现可能因此为这个问题提供一些亟需的光芒。

由中国科学院北京分院的朱日祥领导的研究人员,已经将从中国北方泥河湾盆地挖掘出的大量石器工具的年代确定为136万年前。因此,这些被认为是直立人的手工艺品的遗骸,提供了东北亚最早的人类证据。过去,由于缺乏适用于同位素年代测定方法的材料,东亚旧石器时代遗址的年代一直存在争议。但朱的研究团队使用所谓的磁性地层学方法得出了他们的年代估计。

团队写道:“工具制造者向[至少北纬40度的纬度]的扩散,意味着东亚早更新世的人类群体能够适应多样化的气候环境。” 事实上,这些勇敢的探险家似乎已经从热带非洲出发,为当时加剧的气候变异性做好了准备,包括中国北方间歇性的干旱。

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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