荧光羽毛引发鹦鹉爱慕

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图片:¿SCIENCE

荧光色在时尚T台上来了又去,但鹦鹉始终认为发光是必备品。事实上,发表在最新一期《科学》杂志上的一项新研究结果表明,这些鸟类在选择配偶时会寻找羽毛荧光。

荧光颜料看起来会发光,是因为它们吸收紫外线并在更长的波长上重新发射。这种颜料装饰着虎皮鹦鹉(俗称 budgies)的头冠和脸颊羽毛。(在右侧的图像中,短波照明揭示了虎皮鹦鹉的荧光标记。)但荧光是具有特定用途,还是仅仅是鸟类鲜艳色彩的副产品,这仍然有点神秘。为了回答这个问题,格拉斯哥大学的 Kathryn E. Arnold 和她的同事设计了一个巧妙的实验。他们让雌雄虎皮鹦鹉在两只异性鸟类中做出选择,其中一只保留了荧光羽毛,另一只的荧光则被防晒霜熄灭。研究人员发现,雄性和雌性都对荧光鸟表现出强烈的性偏好。


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该团队还考虑了鸟类的视觉器官,并确定荧光黄色羽毛非常适合另一只渴望爱情的虎皮鹦鹉进行颜色检测。研究人员总结说:“这些发现表明,鹦鹉的荧光羽毛是一种适应性性信号,而不是羽毛色素沉着的副产品。” “鉴于产生荧光颜料的复杂生化途径,它们可能是昂贵的,因此是个体质量的诚实指标。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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