酶的缺失对抗脂肪

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研究人员已经确定了一种酶,它可能掌握着减少肥胖的关键。他们发现,经过基因改造使其缺乏乙酰辅酶A羧化酶2 (ACC2) 的小鼠,比正常小鼠多吃 40% 的食物,体重仍然减轻 10% 到 15%。这些发现今天发表在《科学》杂志上。

贝勒医学院的萨利赫·瓦基尔和他的同事于 1989 年首次鉴定了这种酶。然而,他们的新研究表明,它在将脂肪酸运输到细胞的能量产生细胞器或线粒体中发挥作用。研究小组使用所谓的“基因敲除小鼠”,发现缺乏这种酶的动物能够很好地适应它们的情况。瓦基尔指出:“经过基因工程改造使其缺乏 ACC2 的小鼠似乎非常快乐,[而且] 生活和繁殖良好。” 似乎主要的区别在于,与正常动物相比,它们的体重更轻,脂肪积累也更少。

瓦基尔评论说:“这种酶 ACC2 可能是开发能够调节脂肪燃烧的药物的靶点。它可能在调节肥胖症、治疗糖尿病,甚至最终在脂肪的利用和积累方面发挥重要作用,这可能会影响动脉粥样硬化等疾病。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大众科学 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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